• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to footer

The Marathi Investor

Survival is the only way to get Rich

  • Home
  • Stocks Market Basics
  • Investing
    • Investing Books
      • Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits
      • the DHANDHO INVESTOR
      • Security Analysis
      • Stocks to Riches Book Summary
      • Intelligent Investor
      • One Up On Wall Street
      • the DHANDHO INVESTOR
  • Accounting
  • Mutual Fund
  • Bitcoin Investing
  • Contact Us

corporate bond

Investment bonds from security analysis chapter 6

July 6, 2021 by Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friends, in today’s, article we see the investment bond from chapter 6 of the security analysis book is The Selection of Fixed-value Investment. In this chapter, the authors give the perfect theory of The selection of investment bonds ( Fixed-value).

In the previous chapter, we see the classification of securities, so there are three classes of Securities. let’s recap, Class I, has the safety on principle money and has a steady income. Class II,  they are divided into two types.

Type A: is have principle safety and has the conversion feature to make the possibility of profit.

Type B: In this, you can lose principle and you get lots of profits on Principles.

Class III, is about Common stocks.

so from this Part-2 of this book is begin, in this part-2 also have the five chapter so let’s start

Investment bond from securities analysis book
So Part-2 is whole about the Class I securities ( fixed-value investment)

The Selection of Fixed-Value Investment: (Investment bonds)

So we talked about in the previous chapter is that we should classify securities on the basis of characters rather than on the basis of title.

In Fixed-Value type Include: (Investment bonds)

1) High-Grade straight bonds and Preferred stocks

2) High-Grade Privileged Issues.

3) Common Stocks having guarantee or Preferred status.

So It’s not fixed is that the fixed value type is only investment bonds as financial instruments.

This whole thing depends on its characteristic for they qualify for Fixed-Value Issues.

So most of the bonds are frequently associated with safety by the peoples, but they have to say like that Instead of safety is Associated with Limited return.

there was safe or not is the whole thing depends on company strength and earning power.

So let’s see what difference between bonds and preferred stocks.

  • Bondholders have the first claim on companies earnings and company make them promises of payment in regular interval of time. (Investment bonds)
  • So Preferred stocks also have claims but don’t have any promised with regular interest payments. So director decides to give dividends or not to the preferred stocks. there is neither priority nor Promise is assurance that of the safety of Principles.
  • this depends on the company’s strength to fulfill the company obligation., so this thing is only known from the Balance sheet of companies previous year records and his execution plan and future perspective about the company.
  • so from them, you know your issue is safe or not.

so the bond selection is just not like search and acceptance, it’s like a process of exclusion and rejection.

The author gives the four Principles of Selection of Fixed Value-type Securities (Investment bonds)

4 principles for selection of Fixed-Value Types Securities:

1) Safety does not depend on how many senior issues, means not by Specific lien, so lien like are the seniority of bond-like 1,2,3,4, preferred stocks and lastly common stocks.

So just like that those who hire high seniority, they have a maximum priority claim on companies asset.

The author here, try to say, ” Safety does not depend on seniority (whatever their rank) but they depend on those companies ae issue this bonds, that company have the strength to defeat their obligation.”

 

2) This Ability of the company to pay the interest payment. for checking this, we have to consider depression time, instead of that good time(prosperity time).

Because any mediocre company do well in prosperity time and fulfill the obligation of the company

3) If there is no safety of bonds, then given them a high coupon rate and compensation is not possible (worth it)

4) The selection of all bonds for investment purposes should be subject to rules of Exclusion and to specific quantitative tests corresponding to those prescribed by status to govern investment of saving bonds.

means the bond selection is like the government make the investment like that we have to make and our purpose is simply to make the interval of time regular income. (Investment bonds)

So in this chapter, we see only Principle 1

Principle I: Safety is not Measured by Lien, but by the ability to Pay.

So in these, there are two views on safety points.

Two views:

1) character and supposed value of the property on which bonds hold a lien,( First people think like safety

is measure by how much asset is a mortgage against that issue. so depends on seniority, so those who have the first lien against him, keep mortgage of asset means if the company is not paying their interest of first-lien seniority bond, this first lien seniority bondholder take the asset of the company under him.

so whatever is property value on that we have to buy,

So this type of people thinking on bond or senior lien

2) Strength and Soundness of obligor Enterprises ( means the safety depends on enterprises strength, so the company can pay their bills not depends on asset value.)

So in the first view, we think, they are claiming against on property.

In the Second view bond is a claim against the business. (Investment bonds)

So in this which is right,

Now you think, if the company can’t pay, then bondholders take over the companies assets and sell them and pay for themselves.

but this is not happening, so in this, there are three types of problems.

Three problems with the first view:

1 ) When businesses fail, then properties values also shrink. so companies value depends on companies earning power. If a company fails then fixed asset value also goes down.

so understanding this point the author gives the examples

Cardboard all Florida railway company, this company first mortgage is going down from 25 million to 250K dollar when the company is failing.

so the value of companies is going down when businesses fail.

the second problem is

2) You(bondholder) get the legal right with bonds, legal like You can sell the property of company, but you can’t enforce them when the company failed.

Because Court does not allow you for this.

So those are a junior lien, what they get if first lien holder sells the property and distribute themself because, the business value goes down, that why only first-lien can get money, so no money for second or third lien holder, so that’s why the court does not allow for this. (Investment bonds)

the third problem is

3) If you are allowed to take over the property by the court, so in this situation also take the lots of time and spend much money for advocate and other expense, and takes lots of delays occurred to solve the problem.

Bondholders’ motive is to avoid trouble not to found in trouble and how to goes from that troubles.

So from these principles what we learn

the first thing we learn is

Corollaries from Principle-I:

1) So there is no difference between senior or junior lien: If a company is strong then its debentures(unsecured debt) also strongs.

This debenture is a junior form of debt.

If the company strong then, their debenture also wonderful as like a first-lien bond.

So the author says, ” Strong companies debenture is better than the weak companies first lien.”

The second thing we learn is

2) Buy the highest yield: means those are a sound company or strong company, this type of company bonds, we can buy the junior bond for highest yield and you get the highest yield on that bond.

so regarding safety is all of them, not only for the first-lien bond and not for the last one lien.

This thinking present only in theory but not in practice mode, people only buy the low yield bond with the first-lien category.

The author tries to say, ” If companies junior bond is not safe then, their senior bond is also not safe so we don’t need to buy their first-lien bond.”

If a company is weak so its high-grade bond is also not safe, means if their high-grade bond is also like the low-grade bond value. (Investment bonds)

The third thing we learn is

3) If junior bonds yield and senior bond yield have the maximum difference then buy the Junior bond, If there is no difference in senior bond and junior bond, this type buy the senior bond, without taking any risk.

So buying senior bonds, they have to the protection but the yield is same, just use common sense.

What to buy in any situation, for this author give the examples

Suppose a junior lien of company X and the First mortgage bond of Company Y.

So in these two cases come forward, if we prefer the junior lien bond than the senior lien mortgage bond.

  1. Company X has adequate protection of total debt and the yield of junior lien bond is substantially higher than that of company Y senior lien bond.
  2. Buy junior lien not a senior lien, If suppose, there is not any difference between junior yield and senior yield, but the total debt protection company is more than company Y, so we can buy the junior lien.

so protection is more than those are fixed charged on bonds, which means, the Interest coverage ratio of Company X is more than the Company Y.

We can prefer the junior lien of Company X whatever not have the maximum difference between in yield.

so lastly the author says for the understanding bond. so this is the exception to the above-mentioned rules)

lastly, says the author, “Investors are not involved in this issues because they are far beyond the competence of investors and investors have to stick with this rules is the strong company has strong bonds.”

whatever we learn and use common sense to buy the junior and senior bond.

 

So this is all about the Investment bond from chapter 6 of security analysis.

[Read more…] about Investment bonds from security analysis chapter 6

Filed Under: Security Analysis Tagged With: benjamin graham, best book for learning share market, bond, bond investment book, bonds, bondsholder, book, convertible bond pricing, corporate bond, financial instruments, first lien, fixed-Value, Fixed-Value type, government bond, investment, Investment bonds, investment book, junior bond, last lien, principles, Regular payment, security analysis, senior bond, the author

One Up On Wall Street: Chapter 3

December 7, 2020 by Laxman Sonale 2 Comments

In this article, we see chapter 3 of One Up On Wall Street book. This chapter is all about Is this Gambling or what?. So let’s understand step by step chapter 3.

One Up On Wall Street: Chapter 3

Is This Gambling or What?:

So many people say about the stock market is gambling. But they telling on their different way. When the market is in a bullish position, they called Investment. And when the market is bearish then people called Gambling.

In 1927, if you want to invest 1000 dollars, you have so many ways. so let’s start with Fix deposits. When you are investing 1000 dollars that increase by 7.5%. (One Up On Wall Street: Chapter 3)

And if you invest that money in government bonds, it gives 13.5%. And if you invest that money in a corporate bond, it gives 17.2%. And if you invest that money in common stock, it gives 272%. In that so many stock market crash, depression comes and go and so many recession come and go. After this stuff common stock gives a return on investment is about 272 times in 7 years. so let’s understand. Why stocks are investments.

Visit Biotech Website: Click here

Why stocks are an investment:-One Up On Wall Street: Chapter 3

In your lifetime, you need only 6 stocks out of 10 stocks to successful. so let’s understand the power of common stocks.

  • In stock, you are an owner in a prosperous and expanding business. so you get benefits and stock prices to increase hugely. But bonds can’t make money as compare to stock.
  • In bonds, you are no more than the nearest source of spare change. Bond is like to take spare and sometimes one more dollar.(One Up On Wall Street: Chapter 3)
  • So there is no big company that is impossible to fail. you can’t say there is one blue ship’s stock or good company is not fail. If this is not happening, and you buy good company stock at a good price. you lose the value of that investment. So in that time, people say the stock is the gambling position and when stock increases are people called investment.
  • The stock market is like a stud poker game. As you go long as cards suggest favorable odds of success. and then you hold.(One Up On Wall Street: Chapter 3)

So the stock market is Gambling or investment is all about the investor mindset. If you have the knowledge of investment and company analysis then you make a good investment in a bad stock price company.

This is all about chapter 3 of One Up On Wall Street book.

Previous Chapter: Click here

Read More: common Stocks and Uncommon Profits

Read More: The intelligent Investor

Next Chapter 4

Filed Under: One Up On Wall Street Tagged With: corporate bond, Gambling, gambling vs stock market, government bond, investment, is peter lynch still alive, is stock market gambling bible, is stock market gambling? - quora, is stock market similar to gambling, Lynch One Up On Wall Street Chapter 3 & 4, myths and facts about stock market, One Up on Wall Street - How to Use What You Already Know, One Up on Wall Street': Chapter 3 Reviewed, peter lynch formula, peter lynch investment strategy, peter lynch now, peter lynch portfolio, peter lynch portfolio 2020, peter lynch quotes, peter lynch strategy, stock market gambling addiction, stock market is gambling reddit, stock market is legalized gambling

Primary Sidebar

Search Post

Please follow & like us :)

Facebook
Facebook
fb-share-icon
YouTube
Instagram
Twitter
Visit Us
Follow Me
Tweet
Pinterest
Pinterest
fb-share-icon
LinkedIn
LinkedIn
Share
Telegram

Recent Posts

  • What is Ethereum and Smart Contract?
  • Blockchain Technology Investment
  • Is bitcoin the future of Money?
  • Is Bitcoin a Currency or an Investment?
  • How Bitcoin’s Prices Increases in Past?

Recent Comments

  • How to win friends and Influence People - book summary pro on Security Analysis: Chapter 15
  • Zero to One Book summary - book summary pro on Intelligent Investor: Chapter 14
  • Top 10 best books on Self Help - book summary pro on Intelligent Investor: Chapter 20
  • Top 10 Best books on Money - book summary pro on Intelligent Investor: Chapter 18
  • Best Books on Investing - book summary pro on Intelligent Investor: Chapter 20

Categories

  • Accounting (1)
  • Bitcoin Investing (10)
  • Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits (12)
  • Intelligent Investor (19)
  • Investing (10)
  • Investing Books (1)
  • Mutual Fund (1)
  • One Up On Wall Street (22)
  • Security Analysis (16)
  • Stocks Market Basics (1)
  • Stocks to Riches Book Summary (11)
  • the DHANDHO INVESTOR (13)
  • Uncategorized (1)

How to deal with Mr. Market

The Intelligent Investor Chapter 8:- Investor and Market Fluctuations

50,000 Frenchman can be wrong

One up on wall street Chapter 20

Best time to Buy and Sell Stocks

When to Buy and sell stocks

Common Stocks and Uncommon profits Book Summary

Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits book review

One Up On Wall Street:- Chapter 13

One Up On Wall Street Book: Chapter 13
What is Ethereum

What is Ethereum and Smart Contract?

April 29, 2023 By Laxman Sonale Leave a Comment

Hello friends, in today’s article we discuss Ethereum and Smart Contracts Explain. After reading this you get the good and bad things about Ethereum and Smart contracts. Previous Article on BlockChain Ethereum and Smart Contracts:- After Bitcoin, the second most extensive network is the Ethereum network of blockchain technology. Just like Bitcoin technology saves the […]

Blockchain Technology Investment Good or Bad?

Blockchain Technology Investment

July 13, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friends, in today’s article we see the Blockchain Technology Investment in form of Computer science and understand the basics and their goals. We see in the previous article, that the main goal of making a bitcoin is to remove the Bank to make payments person to person. to complete this goal, one system is […]

Is bitcoin the future of Money?

Is bitcoin the future of Money?

May 20, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friends, in today’s article, we see whether is bitcoin the future of money? what happens in the future if cryptocurrency is ruled by the government, let’s understand all questions answered in this blog. Previous Article on Bitcoin Is Bitcoin the future of money:- Before starting this discussion, I read a previous article on bitcoin, […]

Is Bitcoin Currency or Investment?

Is Bitcoin a Currency or an Investment?

May 20, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friend, in today’s article, we see is bitcoin a currency or an investment? and what is the effect on our economy and how we can use it for our best use? so let’s see each and every factor. Previous Bitcoin Article is Bitcoin a Currency or an Investment?:- before the start, let’s understand these […]

How Bitcoin's Prices Increases high in past?

How Bitcoin’s Prices Increases in Past?

May 20, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friends, In today’s article, we see how Bitcoin’s prices increase in the past, what are the reasons behind that, and most important question, if Is there any chance bitcoin prices goes up in the future. so let’s see them one by one. Previous Bitcoin Article How bitcoin’s prices increase:-   so, friends, anything product […]

What Gives Bitcoin Value?

What gives Bitcoin Value?

May 16, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 2 Comments

Hello friends, in today’s article, we see what gives bitcoin any value. If bitcoin has any value, so then what things, give the value? so let’s understand step by step. Previous Bitcoin Article Fiat currency and What gives Bitcoin Value?:- In history, Food, animal, gold, and silver coins were used as currency. Because Food is […]

Fire Movement

FIRE Movements in Life

May 1, 2022 By Laxman Sonale Leave a Comment

Hello friends in today’s article, we talk about the FIRE Movements. FIRE means Financial Independent and Retire Early). Everyone wants to retire early, so for that, we writing this blog. so let’s understand how to get retire early. so let’s start Financial Freedom Fire movements:- Financially Independent, Retire Early) The FIRE movement, the concept was […]

Financial Freedom for common man

Financial Freedom for common man

April 11, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friends, today we talk about Financial Freedom for the common man. Stock Market helps you to achieve this goal. so let’s understand what is the real meaning of financial freedom, and how can we achieve that. Financial Literacy What is the real meaning of Financial Freedom for the common man? In simple words, says, […]

The Dhandho Investor Chapter 12:- Dhandho 401:- Margin of Safety

The Dhandho Investor:- Chapter 12

April 8, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 3 Comments

Hello friends, in today’s article, we see The Dhandho Investor:- Chapter 12, this chapter is all about the margin of safety while you invest in the stock market. so let’s understand this concept in the author’s words. Previous Chapter 11 Dhandho 401: Margin of Safety – Always In this chapter, the author refers the Benjamin […]

The Dhandho Investor Chapter 11:- Fixate On arbitrage

The Dhandho Investor Chapter 11

April 5, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friends, in today’s article, we see The Dhandho Investor Chapter 11 Summary. this chapter is all about fixating on Arbitrage. so let’s understand, how value investors can take benefit from this arbitrage. Previous Chapter 10 Dhandho 302:- Fixate On arbitrage (Chapter 11) In starting the author explain, what is the arbitrage, and how value […]

Problems with Cryptocurrency

problems with cryptocurrency like Bitcoin

April 4, 2022 By Laxman Sonale 1 Comment

Hello friends, in today’s article, we see the problem with cryptocurrencies like bitcoin. so if you know this problem, then you understand the whole technology, and how it works. so let’s start Bitcoin Story Problems with Bitcoin:- let’s understand one by one 1) Scalability:-problems with cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin In Bitcoin 1 block size is 1 […]

Footer

Financial Literacy

Stocks to Riches Chapter 13L- Financial Literacy to Become Rich

When to Buy Stock ( by Philip A. Fisher)

When to buy stocks

Loss Aversion & Sunk Cost Fallacy Bias

Stocks to Riches:- Chapter 5 Loss Aversion and Sunk Cost Fallacy Bias

Sources of Information about Company

Annual Reports of the Company: security Analysis

Mutual Funds:- Good or Bad?

Stocks to riches Chapter 9:- Mutual fund good or bad

Follow us

Get new posts by email

Copyright © 2023 · News Pro on Genesis Framework · WordPress · Log in