what is a lay investor

Hello friends, in today’s article we discuss the Security analysis for Lay(common) Investors i.e chapter 11 of the intelligent investor. In chapter 11 of the intelligent investor, Benjamin gram gives us the Four elements to consider for buying stocks. That element as follows

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4 Element to make decisions:-Intelligent Investor: Chapter 11

1. Company’s general long term prospects
2. Quality of its Management
3. Financial strength and Capital strength
4. Dividend Record

let’s see one by one

Companys general long term prospects:- Intelligent investor: chapter 11

to know about the company you have to ask two sentence

1. How did the company grow?
2. Where to come profit?

and also check the company’s acquisition and also OPM(other people’s money). If a company depends on other people’s money and they acquire other companies. This type of company does not grow well in the future, and If it depends on other people’s money, they are taking the debt on the company. Also, check the customer range of the company. if the customer is less or minimum then don’t buy the company. (Intelligent Investor: Chapter 11)

If the customer is more and maximum, then that is a good sign. Also check the good competitive advantage like coca-cola, Gillet, etc. Check the net income of the company and revenue with constant earning increases over the past 10 years. 10% is good constant earning before tax and after 7% is good.

If a company invests in Research and Development, for the future product that is a good sign for the company. Most important if the cash flow operating is negative consistently and cash flow of financing activity consistently positive then leave the company. Because this type of company taking the debt on the company. (Intelligent Investor: Chapter 11)

Quality of its management:

Management is the core of any company, so you have checked the management.

Management should be honest and complete the promises of investors and customers. you can see the company record of management and his promises, and also they are accepting the mistake and take the responsibility to handle it. And also check the stock issues, If the stock goes higher and goes down quickly is a bad sign, management has to maintain the P/E ratio. That ratio is not more than 16. (Intelligent Investor: Chapter 11)

Financial strength and capital strength:

each and every company requires finance, so you have to check finance also. for this you can do this.

You can check the Owner earning, this may be 6-7% increases consistently. also, check the Debt to equity ratio, this ratio is 1 not more than that. And you have to include in-dept called as preferred stocks. and also check the Interest coverage ratio, this may be 4 is a good sign. (Intelligent Investor: Chapter 11)

Dividend Record:

If you want to make an investment, in the long term by using compound interest. Then you have to check the dividend record. If the company has the computation record then you check the company outperformance from the computation. If this is not happening then the company wastes the investor cash, this type of company has to give the dividend. (Intelligent Investor: Chapter 11)

You have to check if the company doing the publicity of the stock split, then this type of company fools the investor and wastes the money of the investor. if the company buys back the share is a good sign of the company when they are cheap. if a company buys shares at is a higher price then they waste the money. Check for the dilute diluting if this happens stop this.

If you check these 4 elements of security analysis. you get good company,

This is all about the Security analysis for common( lay ) investors.

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